Latest News From John Maday

Arthropods such as mosquitos, flies and ticks often serve as vectors for zoonotic diseases.  (USDA)
Animal Health Influences Human Health

Zoonotic diseases could pose a risk to animals, producers, public health and livestock markets.

Insect vectors are the primary source of transmission of VSV although mechanical transmission occurs in some species.
USDA Updates Vesicular Stomatitis Report

As the summer heats up and insect disease vectors multiply, the USDA has begun issuing its weekly reports on cases of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in livestock.

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
Rabies Roundup

While rabies remains one of the most threatening zoonotic diseases worldwide, vaccination has greatly reduced the incidence of infection among pets, livestock and even wildlife.

The high-risk ratings reach north through Kansas, Nebraska and neighboring states, particularly on Thursday and Friday.
Beat the Heat

For most of us, July 4th means cookouts, parades and fireworks. But for livestock, it’s the unofficial entry to the “dog days of summer,” with the associated threat of damaging heat stress.

Signs of VS include lesions in the mouth and on the tongue.
Vesicular Stomatitis, Anthrax Emerge in SW

The USDA’s National Veterinary Services Laboratories in Ames, Iowa, has confirmed the first 2019 cases of vesicular stomatitis on three premises in Texas and New Mexico.

Genomic technology allowed Pirbright scientists to sequence and record the genetic code of each viral sample, which eliminates the need to maintain actual virus samples.
UK Destroys Remaining Samples of Rinderpest Virus

When the rinderpest virus broke out in Africa in the 1890s, death loss in cattle herds across eastern and southern Africa reached 80 to 90%, triggering a massive famine, with millions of people dying across the region.

With training, monitoring and evaluation, livestock operations can minimize the risk for damaging accusations of welfare violations.
Welfare Crisis: Prepare and respond

Early one morning, you find your phone and e-mail swamped with messages about an undercover video supposedly documenting animal abuse on the farm.

Wildlife species, such as elk, can serve as carriers for brucellosis, which can infect cattle and humans.
Part 2: Animal Health Influences Human Health

Risk of Antibiotic Resistance

Synchronization with fixed-time insemination can reduce labor and animal handling when compared with AI systems that use estrus detection, but some tests have shown reductions in AI conception rates.
Fixed-Time AI Could Reduce Labor

A University of Nebraska study shows fixed-time AI can provides a viable alternative to modified heat detection in beef heifers.

Fly control is a key component in preventing spread of the virus.
Summer Brings Risk of Vesicular Stomatitis

Veterinarians and producers in western states should be on the lookout for signs of vesicular stomatitis (VS), which in recent years has been reported in states across the western United States.

Year-around mineral supplementation takes diligence, but can pay off in reproduction, health and performance.
Trace Amounts, Big Impact

While the payoffs are not always obvious, the right trace-mineral program can benefit cattle health and performance at every production stage.

Soil moisture levels are running well above average across most of the continental United States.
Yes, it’s Wet Out There

If you think it’s been wet lately, NASA and the National Weather Service (NWS) agree.

Given the right conditions, localized outbreaks can cause sudden death loss in cattle and a disease threat for producers and veterinarians.
Wet or Dry, Watch for Anthrax in Beef Herds

Spores of the bacteria Bacillus anthracis, which cause anthrax when consumed, can survive in the soil for years.

Stifle Summer Sniffles: Investigating BRD
Stifle Summer Sniffles: Investigating BRD

In spite of generally favorable living conditions, preweaned calves often suffer losses from BRD.

Mass Treat – Still Hard to Beat, pg. 2
Mass Treat – Still Hard to Beat, pg. 2

Metaphylaxis remains a cost-effective tool for managing high-risk arrivals, but refinements could reduce the number of antibiotic treatments.

The infested premises are located approximately 24 miles outside of the Permanent Fever Tick Quarantine Zone.
Fever Ticks Confirmed Outside Texas Permanent Quarantine Zone

Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) livestock inspectors discovered fever ticks on cattle originating from a Webb County premises during a routine voluntary inspection.

Excretions of antibiotics in cattle urine and feces, and subsequent accumulation in feedlot and dairy manure, has led to concerns over potential contributions to emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Composting Manure Could Reduce Antibiotic Residues

Composting can reduce the concentration of antibiotics in cattle manure, but the degree of that reduction can vary depending on how it is tested.

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
Consider Low-Input Beef-Heifer Development

Ranchers place a high priority on heifer pregnancy rates, while also understanding that, at some level, high development costs can cancel out the economic advantage of a small increase in pregnancy.

On one of the ranches, chute scores and body weight were significant predictors for 30-day pregnancy rates.
Does Cow Temperament Affect Fertility?

Selecting cattle for mild temperament can pay off in a number of ways. In addition to handler safety, more docile cattle might provide an advantage in reproduction.

Dr. Clyde Lane, professor emeritus from the University of Tennessee, stresses knowing the weight limits of your truck and trailer, and conducting regular inspections for safety.
Safe Travels

Just about every cattle producer with a pickup truck also has a stock trailer to connect to it, but many don’t give their trailer a lot of thought.

In discussions of cattle health and nutrition, we sometimes overlook the most important nutrient of all: water.
Clean Water Promotes Health and Performance

During the recent Academy of Veterinary Consultants (AVC) Spring Conference in Omaha, Stuart Heller, a sales manager with Neogen, reminded veterinarians that animals drink about twice what they eat.

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
One-health Approach Helps Address Zoonotic Disease

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 75% of emerging infectious diseases of people are zoonotic.

Depending on production systems, facilities and labor, ranchers can choose between several effective synchronization protocols, some using controlled internal drug release (CIDR) devices.
Optimize Fertility

Reproduction strategies, some simple and some more advanced, can economically boost calving rates.

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
AMR Issue Exemplifies “One-Health” Approach

The complex challenges of addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) make it a prototypical “One-Health” issue, according to five new papers published in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

A disease that passes from poultry to cattle probably will cause more cattle mortality than one passing from goats or buffalo.
Taxonomy Could Predict Virulence of Multi-host Pathogens

When infectious diseases cross species barriers, their severity can vary from minor to deadly, with consequences difficult to predict

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
Residues Becoming More Elusive

USDA study finds virtually no residues in retail pork.

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
Industry Needs More Insurance for FMD Response

No one enjoys paying insurance premiums, but we like even less the prospect of paying mountainous uncovered bills for a hospital visit or vehicle accident.

Across several studies, three common herd-level factors emerged as being associated with the incidence of pre-weaning BRD.
Understand BRD Risk Factors in Pre-Weaned Calves

While it is difficult to envision a healthier environment for nursing calves than a green summer pasture, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains a common problem in pre-weaned calves.

Aflatoxin, produced by Aspergillus fungus, is the most common mycotoxin in corn and other grains used in cattle feed.
Mycotoxins: Test and Monitor to Reduce Risk

Mycotoxins represent a broad category of toxic agents produced by various naturally occurring fungi, mostly soil borne and environmentally dependent.

Drones equipped with thermal imaging cameras have been buzzing over a research feedlot near Amarillo, as researchers develop test methods to identify feverish animals before they show symptoms of illness, like eating less feed or infecting other animals.
AgriLife Research Targets Feverish Cows with Drones

Scientists at Texas A&M University are testing new technologies at a feedlot in the Texas Panhandle to find ways to reduce the use of antibiotics in livestock and provide consumers with a healthy meat supply.

A survey in Minnesota showed that 83 percent of veterinarians and 78 percent of veterinary technicians have experienced needlestick injuries.
Educate to Prevent Needlestick Injuries

Veterinarians, and the farm and ranch crews they train, face inherently dangerous working conditions. One, with potentially serious or even fatal results, is injury from needles while injecting medications.

Cows at a body condition score of 6 at calving have shown to rebreed with conception rates of 90 percent or greater 40 days after calving.
Three Tips to Improve Cattle Nutrition

A focused, high-quality cattle nutrition program can help improve breeding results and boost your bottom line.

In this study, 60% of treated cattle were diagnosed pregnant from fixed-time AI compared with 51% in the control group.
Trace Minerals Can Boost Fertility

Mineral status plays an important role in cattle fertility, and using an injectable mineral product could provide more consistency than dietary supplements alone.

Results of the Kansas State University trial indicate cattle feeders can boost the percentage of energy in the receiving ration while use limit-feeding strategies to minimize negative effects.
Limit Feeding Allows Higher-Energy Receiving Rations

The transition to high-energy rations, particularly those with high starch levels, can involve risk of acidosis, stress and compromised immunity in feeder calves.

Extreme weather fluctuations put extra stress on calf immune systems.
Calves Need Extra Care in Winter

As snow and frigid temperatures remind us that it’s still winter, it’s a good time to remind cattle producers that calves are especially vulnerable in these conditions.

The bacteria, C. perfringens Type C in nursing-age calves, may proliferate and become toxic when a calf’s nutritional intake is inconsistent.
“Purple Gut” in Calves Can Cause Fatalities Overnight

Enterotoxemia-causing bacteria proliferate quickly.

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
No Such Thing as a Free Lunch

Are lab-cultured meats really more sustainable than the real thing?

From left, Ram Raghavan, spatial epidemiologist at Kansas State University, and Steve Barker, a leading expert on Australian ticks at the University of Queensland, examine field-collected long-horned ticks in Queensland, Australia.
Researchers Predict Spread of Invasive Long-Horned Ticks

A recently invaded tick species known as the long-horned tick could establish itself in wide swathes of North America — if they are transported accidentally.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti can spread several diseases as it travels from person to person.
Mosquitoes Show High Resistance to Common Insecticide

Florida mosquitoes that can carry Zika virus and other diseases are showing resistance to pyrethroid—a common group of insecticides used to treat them—according to a new study by USDA scientists.

The researchers found that activity variables, particularly step count and motion index, were reduced for BRD cases compared to pen mate controls.
Activity Monitoring Could Predict BRD

Seems like everyone these days uses some type of wearable electronic device to track their daily activities in pursuit of better health and fitness.

Stephanie Tarlowe, Cornell University
Campus Connection: Students and Recent Grads Address Cannabis Issue

What are your initial thoughts on the potential for using Cannabis products such as CBD or THC for production or therapeutic applications in beef or dairy cattle?

Medically important antimicrobial drugs approved for use in food-producing animals.

1kg = kilogram of active ingredient. Antimicrobial class includes drugs of different molecular weights, with some drugs labeled in different salt forms. Antimicrobials labeled in International Units (IU) (e.g., Penicillins) were converted to kilograms.
Antibiotic Stewardship: FDA Cites Progress

Report shows substantial decline in sales of medically important antibiotics for food animal use during 2017.

The veterinarian can, with good teaching and leadership skills, help client operations maintain a stable and productive workforce.
Leadership: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly

The veterinarian can play a positive role in hiring, firing, turnover and promotion in the feedlot.

Staining (Left) shows spongiform degeneration. Staining (Right) shows intense misfolded prion protein.
New Test Diagnoses Prion Diseases in Skin Sample

Researchers have successfully identified prions in samples from live animals, shortly after exposure, according to a release from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.

Rectal temperature can quickly indicate clinical signs of disease, but does not predict disease risk in cattle that appear healthy.
Target your Feedlot Treatments

Mass treatments can save stressed calves arriving at stocker or feeding operations, but a more targeted approach could reduce antibiotic use while improving outcomes.

Dave McClellan operates McClellan Consulting Service Inc., Fremont, Nebraska
Continuing Education

While we can’t change the weather, we can learn by it.

Veterinarians or producers who are aware of sudden unexplained deaths in cattle should contact the State Veterinarian's Office at 850-410-0900
Florida and Georgia Suspect Feed in Cattle Deaths

Over the past week, producers and animal-health officials in Florida and Georgia have reported unusual acute deaths in cattle.

John Maday, Editor, Bovine Veterinarian
PGF Injection Site Could Enhance BQA

Through the history of the beef quality assurance (BQA) initiative, we’ve known the effort would never be “finished,” but instead would require continuous improvement and discovery of new methods or practices.

The CFIA provides updates on the investigation on its website.
Canadian Officials Confirm Distinct Strain of Bovine TB

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency, investigating cases of bovine tuberculosis (TB) on a British Columbia farm have confirmed the strain is different from any previously found in Canada

Dr. Ron Gill (left) and Curt Pate demonstrate animal-handling principles during a previous Stockmanship & Stewardship event.
NCBA, Merck Plan 2019 Stockmanship & Stewardship Programs

NCBA Producer Education program to host up to six regional events in 2019.